Daily Archives: January 14, 2025
Jawar Mohammed: Controversies and Oromo Politics
In Western democracies, even minor questions about a politician’s credibility can have significant consequences. Any inconsistency in their positions, no matter how small, is often seized upon and exploited by their opponents. For instance, U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris has faced criticism for perceived inconsistencies in her political stances. Similarly, in Canada, a leadership contender for the Liberal Party aiming to replace Justin Trudeau may face scrutiny for any deviation in their positions.
This dynamic is particularly relevant in the Oromo political context. Jawar Mohammed, a prominent Oromo leader, has argued that Ethiopia is on the brink of collapse and portrays himself as the leader who can prevent this outcome. While some agree with his assessment, others view his position as mere rhetoric. Jawar’s shifting stance on Oromia’s relationship with Ethiopia has further fueled this debate. At one point, he advocated for Ethiopia’s withdrawal from Oromia. More recently, however, he has suggested that Oromia’s independence is not viable without Ethiopia. While this revised perspective resonates with some, a significant portion of Oromos continue to believe in the possibility of an independent Gadaa Republic if given the opportunity.
Political theory teaches us that for a seceding region to establish a sustainable and viable nation-state, it must meet several key criteria:
1. Sufficient Geographic Landmass: Does the new country have adequate territory?
2. Population Size: Is there a large enough population to sustain the nation?
3. Natural Resources: Does the region have sufficient natural resources, both above and below ground, to support its economy?
4. Distinct Identity: Does the region possess a unique culture, identity, and language that differentiates it from the larger state it seeks to leave?
In the case of Oromia, the answer to all these questions appears to be affirmative. Oromia has vast land, a substantial population, abundant resources, and a distinct cultural and linguistic identity. Therefore, it is challenging for Jawar to convince a majority of Oromos to abandon their right to self-determination, including the possibility of secession.
Further complicating matters is Jawar’s relationship with the current government. Since his release from prison, he has appeared to tacitly support the ruling party, arguing that it represents the Oromo nation and deserves support for its efforts. Jawar justified his lack of active opposition by claiming that his involvement might exacerbate Ethiopia’s already volatile situation, likening it to adding fuel to a fire.
However, his recent shift to openly campaigning against the ruling party and, in particular, the Prime Minister, has led many to question the sincerity of his motives. Some critics argue that Jawar’s newfound opposition stems from a personal loss of benefits, respect, or agreements he may have previously had with the government. These critics suggest that his current actions are less about genuine political reform and more about reestablishing his political influence within the Oromo and Ethiopian political spheres.
Yet, despite these questions and criticisms, Jawar has once again demonstrated his unmatched ability to mobilize, organize, and deliver his messages with clarity and force. His recent actions have also served as a reminder to the Ethiopian government that he remains a formidable political force. Regardless of the doubts surrounding his intentions, Jawar has proven that he is not a figure to be underestimated.
Ultimately, the hope remains for peace and stability for the Oromo people and for Ethiopia as a whole.
Empowering the Oromo: Steps Towards Political Influence
By Aliye Geleto
The Oromo people, the largest ethnic group in Ethiopia, have a rich historical heritage and a significant political presence. Achieving political success for the Oromo requires a multifaceted approach that addresses historical grievances, socio-economic challenges, and contemporary political dynamics. Below are 15 key points that can guide the political success of the Oromo people.
#### 1. **Historical Context and Awareness**
Understanding the historical context of the Oromo people is crucial for political engagement. Acknowledging past injustices, including land dispossession and cultural suppression, allows for a unified narrative that can galvanize support across the community. Given the diverse experiences within the Oromo population, fostering a collective memory through educational initiatives can solidify a common identity and purpose.
#### 2. **Unity Among Diverse Oromo Clans**
The Oromo people are composed of various clans with distinct cultures and dialects. Promoting unity among these clans is essential to form a cohesive political front. This could be achieved through inclusive governance, inter-clan dialogues, and cultural exchange programs that foster solidarity and mutual respect.
#### 3. **Effective Political Leadership**
Strong and visionary leadership is fundamental for any political movement. The Oromo community needs leaders who not only understand the political landscape but can also inspire grassroots mobilization. Training programs for emerging leaders can help build a pipeline of capable individuals who can effectively advocate for the needs of the Oromo people.
#### 4. **Engagement in National Politics**
Active participation in Ethiopia’s national political structure is essential for the Oromo. This includes voting, forming alliances with other political groups, and participating in national dialogues. By having a presence in national politics, the Oromo can advocate for their specific needs and influence policy decisions that affect their community.
#### 5. **Building Alliances with Other Ethnic Groups**
Ethiopia’s multi-ethnic society presents an opportunity for the Oromo to build alliances with other ethnic groups. Creating collaborative efforts centered around common interests—such as federalism, democracy, and human rights—can enhance political influence and foster national cohesion.
#### 6. **Youth Engagement**
The Oromo youth form a significant share of the population and are vital for the community’s future. Encouraging political engagement among the youth through educational programs and advocacy initiatives will ensure a generational transfer of leadership and ideals. Youth movements can also address contemporary issues like unemployment and political disenfranchisement, making them instrumental in the political arena.
#### 7. **Empowerment Through Education**
Access to quality education empowers individuals and communities. Promoting educational initiatives within the Oromo population can enhance political awareness and civic engagement. Scholarships, vocational training, and higher education institutions can help diversify the skills of the population, making them better equipped for political participation.
#### 8. **Advocacy for Rights and Representation**
Advocating for human rights and political representation is crucial for Oromo political success. Engaging with international organizations and human rights groups can help bring attention to the issues facing the Oromo and may lead to increased pressure on the Ethiopian government to address these grievances.
#### 9. **Utilization of Technology and Social Media**
Technology and social media platforms can be powerful tools for political mobilization and communication. Creating online spaces for discussion, sharing information, and organizing events can help unite the Oromo diaspora and local communities. Additionally, social media can raise awareness of Oromo issues on a global scale.
#### 10. **Economic Development Initiatives**
Economic empowerment is foundational to political success. Developing and promoting economic initiatives within the Oromo regions can reduce dependency on external assistance and improve living standards. Encouraging entrepreneurship and investment in local industries will create jobs and strengthen the community’s economic base.
#### 11. **Cultural Heritage and Promotion**
The promotion of Oromo culture, language, and traditions plays a key role in political identity. Supporting cultural festivals, literature, and the arts can help reinforce a sense of pride among the Oromo and promote the uniqueness of their identity within Ethiopia’s diverse landscape. This cultural renaissance can also attract international attention and support.
#### 12. **Institution Building**
Building strong political institutions is necessary for sustained success. This includes creating a robust organizational structure that can effectively mobilize votes, manage campaigns, and create policy proposals. Developing think tanks and policy institutes within the Oromo community can foster informed decision-making and facilitate strategic planning.
#### 13. **Negotiation and Compromise Skills**
Political success often requires negotiation and compromise. Building skills in these areas can help Oromo leaders navigate the complexities of Ethiopian politics. By engaging in dialogue with opponents and finding common ground, the Oromo can create pathways for cooperation that advance their interests and those of other groups.
#### 14. **Resilience Against Repression**
History has shown that political movements can face significant repression. Developing strategies for resilience and coping with antagonism from state actors is essential. This can include legal support for political prisoners, advocacy for media freedom, and physical and psychological support for activists facing repression.
#### 15. **Promoting Gender Inclusion**
Gender equality is not just a matter of social justice; it is also a political necessity. Ensuring that women are actively involved in the political process and decision-making leads to more comprehensive and representative governance. Initiatives that empower Oromo women politically and economically will strengthen the community as a whole.
### Conclusion
The path to political success for the Oromo people is multifaceted and demands a comprehensive strategy that incorporates historical context, unity, leadership, and socio-economic development. By focusing on these key areas, the Oromo can strengthen their political presence within Ethiopia, advocate effectively for their rights, and contribute to the broader goal of national unity and democracy. As Ethiopia navigates its complex political landscape, the contributions of the Oromo people, grounded in their rich heritage and aspirations for the future, will be pivotal in shaping a more inclusive and equitable society.
Advocacy for Oromia 