A Pillar of Oromo Heritage and Custodian of the Gadaa Tradition Has Left Us

By Dhabessa Wakjira

(ONA, Finfinne, Oromia) – The Oromo nation is mourning the loss of a distinguished elder and leader. Liiban Jaldeessaa Liiban, the 69th Abbaa Gadaa of the Borana, has passed away in Finfinne while receiving medical treatment. He was a revered figure who led his community from 2000 to 2008.

His leadership was defined by the principles of the Gadaa system, an indigenous institution recognized by UNESCO as a masterpiece of intangible cultural heritage . As Abbaa Gadaa, he was a central figure in a system that regulates not only the political and social life of the Oromo but also its religious and judicial matters. The role is one of immense responsibility, characterized by democratic principles, checks and balances, and a commitment to restorative justice.

A Legacy Rooted in Tradition and Resilience

The Abbaa Gadaa is the elected traditional leader within the Borana Oromo Gadaa system, a governance structure where authority is transferred through established eight-year cycles . The Gadaa system is more than a political institution; it is a way of life. It organizes the community into age grades, manages natural resources, resolves conflicts, and ensures the preservation of cultural values.

The role of an Abbaa Gadaa is complex. They are expected to be competent orators, skilled in the comprehension of laws and customs, and must demonstrate exceptional leadership qualities throughout their lives before assuming the role . As an ethical leader, an Abbaa Gadaa is tasked with ensuring peace, mobilizing the community for development projects like digging wells, and showing sympathy for the poor .

During his tenure, Liiban Jaldeessaa Liiban navigated a period in which a significant majority of respondents perceived substantial challenges, including changes in average rainfall and an increase in soil erosion . His leadership was a steady hand during difficult times, guiding his community with wisdom and resilience.

The Gadaa System: A Democratic Tradition

The Gadaa system, which Liiban Jaldeessaa Liiban so ably represented, is one of the most sophisticated indigenous governance systems in the world . It operates on principles of democracy, accountability, and the peaceful transfer of power. The system is structured around five classes (Gadaa grades) that succeed each other every eight years, ensuring that leadership is never concentrated in one individual or group for too long .

As the 69th Abbaa Gadaa, Liiban Jaldeessaa Liiban was a living embodiment of this ancient tradition. His leadership was not merely a position but a sacred duty—a responsibility to uphold the laws, customs, and values of his people.

A Nation Mourns

His passing is a significant loss for the Borana community and the wider Oromo nation. The Oromian News Agency extends its deepest condolences to his family and all who were touched by his leadership. His legacy as a keeper of the Gadaa tradition and a leader of his people will be remembered.

As is the custom during times of passing, the Oromo community reflects on the words of solace: “Waaqi lubbuu isaa nagaan haa boqochiisu” (May God rest his soul in peace).

The Oromo nation has lost a pillar of its heritage, but the principles of the Gadaa system—democracy, community, and resilience—that he represented, continue to guide the struggle and shape the future of the Oromo people.

Injifannoon Ummata Oromoo!

Waaqi lubbuu isaa nagaan haa boqochiisu!

This obituary is dedicated to the memory of Liiban Jaldeessaa Liiban, a leader, elder, and custodian of Oromo tradition.